Processors! What are they?

The term processor is used conversely with the term central processing unit (CPU), although the CPU is not the only processor in a computer. The GPU (graphics processing unit) is the most notable example of it.

CENTRAL PROCESSING UNITS (CPU)

The ALU and control unit of a computer are combined into a single unit called the Central Processing Unit. The CPU is truly the "brain" of the computer because it combines the circuitry that generates all the control signals needed to execute an instruction with the circuitry that actually performs the operations called by the instructions.

CPUs will perform most basic arithmetic, logic and I/O operations, as well as allocate commands for other chips and components running in computer.

Processors can be found in PCs, smartphones, tablets and other devices. The two main competitors in the processor market are Intel and AMD.

I/O Processors

Some I/O devices can transmit a large amount of data in a short time. If the CPU had to process every character separately, much CPU time would be wasted. To avoid tying up the CPU for long periods of time on I/O, most of the computers have one or more specialized, low-cost I/O processors. Because the I/O is performed by these special processors, the CPU is available to spend most of its time on more difficult computations. The I/O processors can run in parallel with the CPU. In other words, while the CPU is busy in computing, the I/O processors can be doing I/O.

Arithmetic Logic Unit

Arithmetic logic unit is the part of the computer where the actual processing takes place. ALU is capable of performing arithmetic, logical and data manipulation operations on binary numbers. The circuitry that performs these operations consists of logic circuits such as adders, subtracters, comparators, etc. Read More...

Control Unit

A digital computer is a general purpose digital system. A general-purpose digital computer is capable of executing various operations and in addition, can be instructed as to what specific sequence of operations it must perform.

The user of such a system can control the process by means of a program, that is, a set of instructions that specify the operations, operands and the sequence by which processing has to occur. The data processing task may be altered simply by specifying a new program with different instructions or specifying the instructions with different data. Read more...

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